原先我對富蘭克林的印象就是美鈔上的人物
再講他的美德之前
先說我怎麼會突然去蒐尋這個資訊
因為想做個讀書計劃而上網找行事曆的範例
意外看到去年蘋果日報曾經介紹一個
自己作行事曆的網站---
pocketmod 


裡面有各式各樣的表格
分類上有記事、通訊錄、紙上遊戲(圈圈xx、數獨)、其他還有些度量衡換算,甚至連摩斯密碼都有。
其中有一個是The 13 virtues of Benjamin Franklin,我看半天看不懂,他是一個很像課表的格子圖。
後來東查西查才知道原來這是所謂的富蘭客林的13美德
在這張表上,左邊列出了13項道德標準,右邊則是星期一到日,等於說是張檢查表。
那麼到底什麼是這13項美德呢?

Temperance: Eat not to dullness; drink not to elevation.
Order: Let all your things have their places; let each part of your business have its time.
Resolution: Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without fail what you resolve.
Frugality: Make no expense but to do good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing.
Moderation: Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so much as you think they deserve.
Industry: Lose no time; be always employed in something useful; cut off all unnecessary actions.
Cleanliness: Tolerate no uncleanliness in body, cloths, or habitation.
Tranquility: Be not disturbed at trifles, or at accidents common or unavoidable.
Silence: Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation.
Sincerity: Use no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if you speak, speak accordingly.
Justice: Wrong none by doing injuries, or omitting the benefits that are your duty.
Chastity: Rarely use venery but for health or offspring, never to dullness, weakness, or the injury of your own or another's peace or reputation.
Humility: Imitate Jesus and Socrates.
節制─ 食不過飽,飲不過量。
謹言─ 莫說無聊廢話,避免無益閒談。
秩序─ 物有本末,事有始終。
果斷─ 當機立斷,不輕易憚改。
節儉─ 恆念物力惟艱,珍惜一絲寸縷。
勤勉─ 珍惜光陰,免徒勞無功。
誠懇─ 思考專注,言必有中。
正直─ 不中傷人,不謀私利。
中庸─ 寬大為懷,避走極端。
整潔─ 身體衣物,常保潔淨。
寧靜─ 不因物喜,不為己悲。
貞潔─ 潔身自愛,珍重名譽。
謙虛─ 勿恃才傲物,要謙以待人。

看起來挺嚴格的!
聽說富蘭克林有本小冊子,裡面就寫有這13戒律,他每天都會檢討記錄自己是否做到,甚至還會訂定每天或每週要以哪一個美德為重點項目。
這也難怪富蘭克林在美國得到世人很崇高的敬意!



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